The first half of the 20th century was a very
tough time for a vast majority of Americans, especially for the middle and
lower classes. Between WWI, the Great Depression, and WWII, millions of
Americans struggled to get by, or even survive, if they were sent to fight in
Europe or the Pacific. During the Great Depression, unemployment reached as
high as 25% and could have grown even larger if it weren’t for WWII. At the
beginning of the war, a large portion of working class men were drafted into
the army, and those who weren’t, worked in factories where the demand for labor
was huge. In order to feed the US Army and its allies, US industries were
forced to produce trillions of dollars in equipment and goods, with a limited
work force. This meant workers were asked to work long hours completing
physically demanding tasks, usually for minimal wages, leading to great unrest
among working class Americans. In response to workers’ anger and unrest, the US
War Production Coordinating Committee released this poster as an inspirational
message aimed to boost factory workers’ morale.
As one of
the most famous pieces of propaganda in American history, this poster had a
large positive impact on US industries, leading to a successful Allies defeat
of the Axis Powers. In addition to the effectiveness of the motivational
message at the stop saying, “We can do it,” this poster achieves its purpose of
boosting morale primarily because of the image of the strong women. WWII was
one of the first periods in American history where women were commonly found
working in large industries, breaking the typical gender roles for females as
they were often viewed as weaker than men. Although, with such a large number
of men going to war, it was necessary for women to fill their positions in
factories. By portraying a woman in this poster, the War Production Committee
effectively appeals to women, convincing them that they have the might to
perform such jobs historically held by men. Also, it was empowering for men
because it created a sense of competition. Men, believing that they were
stronger and more apt for labor than women, saw that a larger number of women
were joining the work force and felt it necessary to continue to exert their
dominance. This led men to work harder and longer, proving their capabilities
and leading to the success of US industries and the army in their war effort.
Ultimately,
the “We Can Do It!” poster is perhaps the most recognized piece of propaganda
of the 20th century for good reason. With its effective message and
image, the War Production Committee successful achieved its purpose of boosting
workers morale and creating a large work force to complete the work necessary
to support the war. Believe it or not, the poster was so effective, it became
the center of the feminist movement of the 1980’s, when the woman became known
as “Rosie the Riveter.”
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